Low Pressure Rigs

Rig A:
Length: 16 m
Inner diameter: 50.8 mm
Horizontal
Material: Plexiglas, SS
Pressure: Atmospheric
Temperature: Ambient
Fluids: air and various liquids
Flow rates (superficial velocities):
       Gas: 20 m/s to 80 m/s
       Water: 0.02 m/s to 0.2 m/s

 

details
Rig B:
Length: 8 m
Inner diameter: 24 mm
Inclination: 0 to +15 degrees from horizontal position
Material: Plexiglas
Pressure: Atmospheric
Temperature: Ambient
Fluids: air and various liquids
Flow rates (superficial velocities):
       Gas: 10 m/s to 30 m/s
       Water: 0.01 m/s to 0.1 m/s

 

details
Applications:
- Study of cocurrent air/liquid flow characteristics:
       pressure drop
       liquid film characteristics - liquid holdup
       velocity profile
       local wall shear stress
       liquid entrainment
- Study of free falling film characteristics
- Flow visualisation experiments
Instrumentation:
- Differential pressure transducers
- Conductivity probes for film thickness measurements
- Electrochemical probes for wall shear stress measurements
- Laser Doppler Anemometry for local velocity measurements
- High speed video camera for flow visualisation

References
Lioumbas, J.S. and Paras, S.V. 2005 Effect of surfactant additives on liquid flow-field interaction with the interfacial structure in co-current stratified gas-liquid downflow. 3rd Intern. Workshop on Transport Phenomena with Moving Boundaries, Berlin, Germany.
Lioumbas, J.S., Mouza, A.A., Paras, S.V. and Karabelas, A.J. Liquid layer characteristics in stratified gas-liquid downflow: A study of transition to wavy flow. 4th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics & Thermodynamics, Cairo, Egypt, Sept. 2005.
Lioumbas,  J.S., Paras, S.V. and  Karabelas, A.J. 2005 Co-current stratified gas-liquid downflow - Influence of the liquid flow field on interfacial structure. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 31, 8, 869-896.
Lioumbas J., Nydal, O.J. & Paras S.V. 2004 Study of free falling liquid layer in inclined pipes: effect of diameter and inclination angle, 3rd Inter. Symposium on Two-Phase Flow Modeling and Experimentation, Pisa, Italy.
Paras, S.V., Vlachos, N.A. & Karabelas, A.J. 1998 LDA Measurements of Local Velocities Inside the Gas Phase in Horizontal Stratified/Atomization Two-Phase Flow, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 24, 4, 651-661.
Vlachos, N.A., Paras, S.V. & Karabelas, A.J. 1997 Liquid-to-wall shear stress distribution in stratified/atomization flow, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 23, 5, 845-863.
Paras, S.V., Vlachos, N.A. & Karabelas, A.J. 1994 Liquid layer characteristics in stratified/atomization flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 20, 5, 939-956.
Paras, S.V. & Karabelas, A.J. 1992 Measurements of the local velocities inside thin liquid films in horizontal two-phase flow. Experiments in Fluids, 13, 190-198.
Paras, S.V. & Karabelas, A.J. 1991 Droplet entrainment and deposition in horizontal annular flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 17, 4, 455-468.
Paras, S.V. & Karabelas, A.J. 1991 Properties of the liquid layer in horizontal annular flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 17, 4, 439-454.